Keeping Your Hive Healthy: Navigating Varroa Control in Changing Times
🐝 Postharvest Mite Check – Time to Treat Varroa
It’s that time again—postharvest mite check! And yes, everyone lets out a collective sigh …
Treating Varroa mites is often a hot topic—not because anyone doubts the need to control them, but because opinions differ on how to do it (or whether to treat at all).
The bottom line is simple: no matter what your approach, controlling Varroa must be done.
Your Main Options
Synthetic chemicals
Natural compounds
While you may also hear about mechanical and cultural methods, these are best used alongside synthetic or natural treatments. Some beekeepers prefer to avoid chemicals altogether and rely solely on cultural/mechanical methods—and sometimes see success—but results vary.
Does It Work?
Historically, most treatments—synthetic and natural—boasted 95%+ efficacy, with some natural compounds reaching 99%.
Starting in late 2024 and into 2025, colony losses surged past 50% nationwide (some areas even 100%).
Research suggests Varroa resistance to amitraz is a major factor.
The Good News
The EPA is introducing new products for beekeepers:
Vadescana (dsRNA) – gene-targeting Varroa with minimal risk to bees.
L-glutamic acid varroacide – registered March 2025.
Slow-release oxalic acid – expected July 2025.
These represent innovative, much-needed tools for managing Varroa.
Comparing Treatments
Apivar (amitraz): Can reduce colony losses by ~47%, with less queen/colony degradation than some natural options.
Natural compounds (Apiguard, Formic Pro, Oxalic Acid): Still highly effective (95–99%), and legally recognized as organic.
💡 Note: Many natural treatments are fumigant-based, which may cause side effects like bearding, absconding, or brood damage—but benefits often outweigh risks.
Read Labels Carefully
Always check:
Colony stage (increase, peak, decrease, dormant)
Temperature limits (e.g., “approved up to 80°F” — exceeding this can stress or even drive bees out)
Best Practice
✅ Combine mechanical and cultural methods with your chosen treatment.
✅ Follow all product label instructions closely.
✅ This balanced approach maximizes colony health, reduces losses, and minimizes chemical use.
